Biofeedback

Biofeedback

Biofeedback is a process that allows individuals to learn how to change their physiological activity for the purpose of improving health and specific functions. Precise instruments measure physiological activities such as brain waves, heart function, breathing, muscle activity, and skin temperature. These instruments provide rapid and accurate feedback to the user. The presentation of this information—often in conjunction with changes in thoughts, emotions, and behavior—supports the desired physiological changes. Over time, these changes can be maintained even without the use of instruments.

Biofeedback is a process that enables individuals to learn how to alter their physiological activity to improve health and specific functions.

Application of Biofeedback in Everyday Life

Biofeedback is a process that enables individuals to learn how to change their physiological activity to improve health and specific functions. Precise instruments measure physiological activities such as brain waves, heart function, breathing, muscle activity, and skin temperature. These instruments provide rapid and accurate feedback to the user. The presentation of this information—often in conjunction with changes in thoughts, emotions, and behavior—supports the desired physiological changes. Over time, these changes can be maintained even without the use of instruments.

Application of Biofeedback Methods in Adults

All biofeedback methods are applicable for adults and can be conducted independently or in combination with neurofeedback methods. When conducted independently, the duration of the training session is 30 minutes; when combining neurofeedback with other types of biofeedback methods, the session lasts for one hour.

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Types of Biofeedback Methods

EMG Biofeedback (Electromyography)

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EMG biofeedback measures the electrical activity in muscles. It is used for tension headaches, bruxism, neuralgia, relaxation, stress management, performance enhancement, and therapy for muscle dysfunctions.

Peripheral Temperature Biofeedback

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This method correlates with vasoconstriction and vasodilation of blood vessels. It complements psychotherapy and is used alongside relaxation techniques for stress management, migraines, and high blood pressure.

Galvanic Skin Response Biofeedback

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EMG biofeedback involves the registration of electrical activity in the muscles. It is used for tension headaches, bruxism, neuralgia, relaxation, stress management, performance enhancement, and the therapy of muscle dysfunctions.

Breathing Biofeedback

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Breathing biofeedback is the only type of biofeedback that is fully and always under our voluntary control. The goal of the training is to practice breathing techniques to learn the proper modulation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems (regulating arousal states). It is used for self-regulation, relaxation, stress management, performance enhancement, anxiety, and phobias.

HRV biofeedback

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Heart Rate Variability (HRV) biofeedback is a type of biofeedback that uses two sensors: a breathing sensor and a Blood Volume Pulse (BVP) sensor that measures blood flow in the vessels. The purpose is to gain voluntary control over the level of activation of the autonomic nervous system—high pulse rates are associated with anxiety, fear, and stress (activating the sympathetic part), which reduces blood flow to peripheral organs. By lowering the heart rate, we decrease the number of beats per minute, while increasing it raises heart rate variability and synchronizes with breathing. The goal of the training is to enhance heart rate variability and coherence between heart rate and breathing (aligning breathing with heartbeats) to achieve balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. This method is used to improve self-regulation, emotional and behavioral control, relaxation, stress management, depression, anxiety, fears, and performance enhancement.